There are two photolithography systems: one with light source of wavelength (System 1) and another with light source of wavelength (System 2). Both photolithography systems are otherwise identical. If the minimum feature sizes that can be realized using System1 and System2 are  and  respectively, the ratio (correct to two decimal places) is

A solar cell of area , operating at 1.0 sun intensity, has a short circuit current of 20mA, and an open circuit voltage of 0.65V. Assuming room temperature operation and thermal equivalent voltage of 26mV, the open circuit voltage (in volts. correct to two decimal places) at 0.2 sun intensity is _______

The position of a particle y(t) is described by the differential equation: . The initial conditions areand . The position (accurate to two decimal places) of the particle at is ______.

A band limited low-pass signal x(t) of bandwidth 5kHz is sampled at a sampling rate . The signal x(t) is reconstructed using the reconstruction filter H(f) whose magnitude response is shown below:

The minimum sampling rate f, (in kHz) for perfect reconstruction of x(t) is _______

Let x(t) be a periodic function with period T =10. The Fourier series coefficients for this series are denoted by , that is

The same function x(t) can also be considered as a periodic function with period . Let  be the Fourier series coefficients when period is taken as. If, then,  is equal to

A ROM array is built with the help of diodes as shown in the circuit below. Here WO and W1 are signals that select the word lines and BO and B1 are signals that are output of the sense amps based on the stored data corresponding to the bit lines during the read operation.  

Bits stored in the ROM Array

During the read operation, the selected word line goes high and the other word line is in a high impedance state. As per the implementation shown in the circuit diagram above, what are the bits corresponding to (where = 0 or 1 and j = 0 or 1) stored in the ROM?

Consider a binary channel code in which each codeword has a fixed length of 5 bits. The Hamming distance between any pair of distinct code words in this code is at least 2. The maximum number of code words such a code can contain is _____

The contour C given below is on the complex plane, where

The value of the integral is ______

A curve passes through the pointand satisfies the differential equation. The equation that describes the curve is

Let the input be u and the output be y of a system, and the other parameters are real constants. Identify which among the following systems is not a linear system:

The cut-off frequency of  mode of an air filled rectangular waveguide having firmer dimensions is twice that of the dominant mode. When the waveguide is operated at a frequency which is 25% higher than the cut-off frequency of the dominant mode, the guide wavelength is found to be 4cm. The value of b. (in cm, correct to two decimal places) is ________

The ABCD matrix for a two-port network is defined by:

The parameter B for the given two-port network (in ohms. correct to two decimal places) is _______.

The logic function realized by the given circuit is

Two identical. nMOS transistors  and  are connected as shown below. The circuit is used as an amplifier with the input connected between G and S terminals and the output taken between D and S terminals, , and  are so adjusted that both transistors are in saturation. The transconductance of this combination is defined as  while the output resistance is  , where is the current flowing into the drain of  . Let,, be the transconductances and , be the output resistances of transistors and , respectively.

Which of the following statements about estimates for  and  is correct?

The state equation and the output equation of a control system are given below:

The transfer function representation of the system is

In the circuit shown below, the (W/L) value for  is twice that for. The two NMOS transistors are otherwise identical. The threshold voltage for both transistors is 1.10V. Note thatfor must be >1.0 V. Current through the NMOS transistors can be modelled as         

For

For

The voltage (in volts, accurate to two decimal places) atis ________

A discrete-time all-pass system has two of its poles at  and ". Which one of the following statements about the system is TRUE?

A four-variable Boolean function is realized using multiplexers as shown in the figure. The minimized expression for is        

Consider matrix and vector. The number of distinct real values r of k for which the equation Ax=0 has infinitely many solutions is

Let M be a real matrix. Consider the following statements:

S1: M has 4 linearly independent eigenvectors.

S2: M has 4 distinct Eigen-values.

S3: M is non-singular (invertible). Which one among the following is TRUE?

For a unity feedback control system with the forward path transfer function  

The peak resonant magnitudeof the closed-loop frequency response is 2. The corresponding value of the gain K (correct to two decimal places) is _______

The input is fed to a Hilbert transformer to obtain y(t), as shown in the figure below:

Here. The value (accurate to two decimal places) ofis ____________

Let,be 8-point DFT of a sequence

Where

The value (correct to two decimal places) of is ____________.

Consider the network shown below with,and . The network is connected to a constant voltage source of 11V.

The magnitude of the current (in amperes. accurate

to two decimal places) through the source is _______

A p-n step junction diode with a contact potential of 0.65 V has a depletion width of 1 pm at equilibrium. The forward voltage (in volts. correct to two decimal places) at which this width reduces to is _______

A lossy transmission line has resistance per unit length. The line is distortion-less and has characteristic impedance of . The attenuation constant (in Np/m, correct to three decimal places) of the line is_______

In a p-n junction diode at equilibrium_ which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

Red (R), Green (G) and Blue (b) Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) were fabricated using p-n junctions of three different inorganic semiconductors having different band-gaps. The built-in voltages of red, green and blue diodes are and, respectively. Assume donor and acceptor doping to be the same (and, respectively) in the p and n sides of all the three diodes.

Which one of the following relationships about the built-in voltages is TRUE?

The points P, Q, and R shown on the Smith chart (normalized impedance chart) in the following figure represent:

A good transimpedance amplifier has

A DC current of flows through the circuit shown. The diode in the circuit is forward biased and it has an ideality factor of one. At the quiescent point, the diode has a junction capacitance of 0.5nF. Its neutral region resistances can be neglected. Assume that the room temperature thermal equivalent voltage is 26mV.         

For, the amplitude of the small-signal component of diode current (in, correct to one decimal place) is _______

The circuit shown in the figure is used to provide regulated voltage (5V) across the resistor. Assume that the Zener diode has a constant reverse breakdown voltage for a current range, starting from a minimum required Zener current, its maximum allowable current. The input voltage may vary by 5% from its nominal value of 6V. The resistance of the diode in the breakdown region is negligible.

The value of R and the minimum required power dissipation rating of the diode, respectively, are

A junction is made between p- Si with doping density and p Si with doping density

Given:

Boltzmann constant 

Electronic charge . Assume 100% acceptor ionization.

At room temperature (T= 300K), the magnitude of the built-in potential (in volts. correct to two decimal places) across this junction will be ________

A function  defined by three Boolean variables A, B and C when expressed as sum of products is given by

Whereandare the complements of the respective variables. The product of sums (PUS) form of the function F is

The logic gates shown in the digital circuit below use strong pull-down NMOS transistors for LOW logic level at the outputs. When the pull-downs are off, high-value resistors set the output logic levels to HIGH (i.e. the pull-ups are weak). Note that some nodes are intentionally shorted to implement -wired logic". Such shorted nodes will be HIGH only if the outputs of all the gates whose outputs are shorted are HIGH.  

The number of distinct values of  (out of the 16 possible values) that give Y =1 is _______

For the circuit given in the figure, the magnitude of the loop current (in amperes, correct to three decimal places) 0.5 second after closing the switch is ________

The Nyquist stability criterion and the Routh criterion both are powerful analyst’s tools for determining the stability of feedback controllers. Identify which of the following statements is FALSE:

The figure below shows the Bode magnitude and phase plots of a stable transfer function  

Consider the negative unity feedback configuration with gain k in the feed forward path. The closed loop is stable for. The maximum value of is ______.

The distance (in meters) a wave has to propagate in a medium having a skin depth of 0.1 in so that the amplitude of the wave attenuates by 20 dB, is

A traffic signal cycles from GREEN to YELLOW. YELLOW to RED and RED to GREEN. In each cycle, GREEN is turned on for 70 seconds, YELLOW is turned on for 5 seconds and the RED is turned on for 75 seconds. This traffic light has to be implemented using a finite state machine (FSM). The only input to this FSM is a clock of 5 second period. The minimum number of flip-flops required to implement this FSM is _

For the circuit given in the figure, the voltage  (in volts) across the capacitor is         

In the circuit shown below, a positive edge-triggered D Flip-Flop is used for sampling input data using clock CK. The XOR gate outputs 3.3 volts for logic HIGH and 0 volts for logic LOW levels. The data bit and clock periods are equal and the valise of
, where the parameters and are shown m the figure. Assume that the Flip-Flop and the XOR gate are ideal.  

If the probability of input data bit transition in each clock period is 0.3, the average value (m volts, accurate to two decimal places) of the voltage at node X, is _______

A uniform plane wave travelling in free space and having the electric field

 is incident on a dielectric medium (relative permittivity>1,

relative permeability = t) as shown in the figure and there is no reflected wave.

The relative permittivity (correct to two decimal places) of the dielectric medium is _______

Taylor series expansion ofdt around x = 0 has the form

The coefficient  (correct to two decimal places) is equal to

Let , where a and b are constants, If at x=1 and y=2, then the relation between a and b is

Consider with all real coefficients. It is known that its derivative has no real roots. The number of real roots ofis

Let  and . Assume that x and y are independent variables. At , the value (correct to two decimal places) of is ________

A binary source generates symbols which are transmitted over a noisy channel. The probability of transmitting X = 1 is 0.5. Input to the threshold detector is . The probability density function of the noise N is shown below.

If the detection threshold is zero, then the probability of error (correct to two decimal places) is ______  

Let  and be independent normal random variables with zero mean and unit variance. The probability thatis the smallest among the four is _________

Consider a white Gaussian noise process N(t) with two-sided power spectral density  as input to a filter with impulse response (where t is in seconds) resulting in output Y(t). The power Y(t) in watts is         

In the circuit shown below, the op-amp is ideal and Zener voltage of the diode is 2.5 volts. At the input, unit step voltage is applied. i.e.volts. Also, at t =0, the voltage across each of the capacitors is zero.

The time t, in milliseconds, at which the output voltage, crosses -10 V is

An op-amp based circuit is implemented as shown below.        

In the above circuit, assume the op-amp to be ideal. The voltage (m volts, coned to one decimal place) at node A, connected to the negative input of the op-amp as indicated in the figure is _______

Consider the following amplitude modulated signal:

The ratio (accurate to three decimal places) of the power of the message signal to the power of the carrier signal is ________

Let and . It is given that. The signal is applied to the input of a non-linear device, whose output is related to the input as, where a and b are positive constants. The output of the non-linear device is passed through an ideal band-pass filter with centre frequency and bandwidth  to produce amplitude modulated (AM) wave. If it is desired to have the sideband power of the AM wave to be half of the carrier power, then a/b is  

A random variable X takes values -0.5 and 0.5 with probabilities and , respectively. The noisy observation of X is Y =X+Z, where Z has uniform probability density over the interval (-1, 1). X and Z are independent. If the MAP rule based detector outputs  as

Then the value of  (accurate to two decimal places) is ________